Silicon wafers are a key component of integrated circuits such as those used to power computers, cell phones, and a wide variety of other devices. A silicon wafer consists of a thin slice of silicon which can be treated in various ways, depending on the type of electronics it is being used in. Silicon is a very high quality semiconductor, making it ideal for the production of such circuits. Much of the world's production of silicon wafers was historically centered in the aptly-named Silicon Valley in California.
The production of silicon wafers is not without controversy. The process generates a range of byproducts, some of which are hazardous. In the Silicon Valley, pollution as a result of chemicals released into the environment is a major problem in some areas, and companies which manufacture wafers are constantly looking for new ways to make the process cleaner and safer for the environment.
The technology behind integrated circuits is constantly evolving, as people push to make smaller and better, more energy efficient circuits. Developments in this technology tend to increase steadily, according to a prediction known as Moore's Law which states that the number of transistors that can be placed inexpensively on an integrated circuit doubles approximately every two years. This trend has continued for more than half a century and is expected to continue until 2015 or 2020 or later.
A negative implication of Moore's Law is obsolescence , that is, as technologies continue to rapidly "improve", these improvements can be significant enough to rapidly render predecessor technologies obsolete. For example, you're Apple coming out with a newer Macbook pro right after you purchase yours. Companies like Best Buy have created programs that utilize this 2 year rule, such as their Buy Back Program, where electronics returned within 2 years can be applied towards an upgrade, and Best Buy can use refurbish and recycle old electronics.
The production of silicon wafers is not without controversy. The process generates a range of byproducts, some of which are hazardous. In the Silicon Valley, pollution as a result of chemicals released into the environment is a major problem in some areas, and companies which manufacture wafers are constantly looking for new ways to make the process cleaner and safer for the environment.
The technology behind integrated circuits is constantly evolving, as people push to make smaller and better, more energy efficient circuits. Developments in this technology tend to increase steadily, according to a prediction known as Moore's Law which states that the number of transistors that can be placed inexpensively on an integrated circuit doubles approximately every two years. This trend has continued for more than half a century and is expected to continue until 2015 or 2020 or later.
A negative implication of Moore's Law is obsolescence , that is, as technologies continue to rapidly "improve", these improvements can be significant enough to rapidly render predecessor technologies obsolete. For example, you're Apple coming out with a newer Macbook pro right after you purchase yours. Companies like Best Buy have created programs that utilize this 2 year rule, such as their Buy Back Program, where electronics returned within 2 years can be applied towards an upgrade, and Best Buy can use refurbish and recycle old electronics.
